In one 12-week trial, balance and relaxation training did not detectably differ in their effects on cardiorespiratory fitness, Stroop interference, or psychopathological symptoms¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2017 · checked against its sources 2026-10-19 (automated, 2 of 2 entries) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? VO2peak showed no significant group effect (d = −0.14). → Rogge 2017 q3 i? The Stroop interference score showed no significant group effect (d = −0.03). → Rogge 2017 (2)

Evidence¶

Rogge 2017¶

Rogge, A.-K., Röder, B., Zech, A., Nagel, V., Hollander, K., Braumann, K.-M. & Hötting, K. (2017). Balance training improves memory and spatial cognition in healthy adults. Scientific Reports 7:5661. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06071-9

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Graded maximal ergospirometry before and after the intervention showed no significant group effect on VO2peak, and the authors report that fitness remained unchanged in both groups; equivalence was not tested.

"There was no significant effect of group for VO2peak: F(1, 36) = 0.40, p = 0.531, group difference = −0.83, 95% CI = [−3.49, 1.83], d = −0.14, see Fig. 2."

Rogge 2017 (2)¶

Rogge, A.-K., Röder, B., Zech, A., Nagel, V., Hollander, K., Braumann, K.-M. & Hötting, K. (2017). Balance training improves memory and spatial cognition in healthy adults. Scientific Reports 7:5661. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06071-9

q3 · i? · causal · r2

The Stroop effect was reliably elicited (congruent faster than incongruent, t(134) = 6.37, p < 0.001), but the groups did not differ significantly on the interference score at posttest; this is a single Stroop measure of executive function, so it does not speak to executive functions generally, and a nonsignificant difference with a wide interval does not show that training has no effect (equivalence was not tested).

"There was no significant effect of group on the Stroop interference score at posttest, F (1, 33) = 0.01, p = 0.911, group difference = −3.47, 95% CI = [−66.39, 59.44], d = −0.03 (see Fig. 3)."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Executive Function — outcome: instruction changes it
• Self-Regulation — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• Balance training improves dynamic balance performance but not functional balance or postural sway — related
• Balance training improves memory in healthy adults relative to relaxation training — related
• Balance training improves spatial cognition in healthy adults relative to relaxation training — related
• Children with lower pre-test executive function and social cognition skills improve more, while attendance, teacher involvement, age and school year do not predict gains — related
• Cognitive benefits of balance training do not differ by age in adults aged 19–65 — related