Learners rarely detect manipulation of offloaded information and may replace internal memory with altered external content¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · reviewr3·q2
Currency · newest study 2023 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
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q2 i? When experimenters manipulated offloaded information, participants rarely noticed and replaced their internal memory with the altered information, likened to false memory formation. → Alexander Skulmowski 2023
Evidence¶
Alexander Skulmowski 2023¶
Alexander Skulmowski. (2023). The Cognitive Architecture of Digital Externalization. Educational Psychology Review, 35:101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09818-1
q2 · i? · review · r3
An experiment in which participants offloaded information to a digital external store and the experimenters manipulated it in certain trials (Risko et al., 2019, as reviewed here): "Participants rarely took note of this change and even replaced their internal memory with this altered information." The review frames this as memory corruption with societal consequences.
"Participants rarely took note of this change and even replaced their internal memory with this altered information, which Risko et al. (2019) compared to the formation of false memories."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- The false feedback manipulation successfully altered performance beliefs: the high-PFB group rated their performance higher relative to age peers than the low-PFB group — related
- Indirect prompt injections combining instruction manipulation, role-playing, and obfuscation altered AI-assigned grades with attack success rates of 94–100% while remaining undetected — related
- Copilot's detection of one advanced injection did not persist: after reporting an embedded instruction once, the same file's injection succeeded in six subsequent iterations without warning — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
offloaded-memory-manipulation |
title |
Learners rarely detect manipulation of offloaded information and may replace internal memory with altered external content |
description |
Learners rarely detect manipulation of offloaded information and may replace internal memory with altered external content |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2023 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-22 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — alexander-skulmowski-2023 |
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