PBL-CBL produces significantly higher theoretical knowledge scores than LBL in orthopedic education¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesisr3·q3·i3large
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i3 Students taught with PBL-CBL achieved significantly higher theoretical scores than those taught with LBL (SMD = 1.46). → Xiong Xianghua 2025
Evidence¶
Xiong Xianghua 2025¶
Xiong Xianghua, Xu Jiongnan, Luo Mingyan, Niu Dongsheng, Bi Qing, Wang Zhaofu, Zhang Jun. (2025). Efficacy of problem-based learning combined with case-based learning versus lecture-based learning in orthopedic education: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Medical Education. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-07741-3
q3 · i3 · quant-synthesis · r3
Meta-analysis of 14 studies (920 students) comparing PBL-CBL with LBL in orthopedic teaching. The pooled estimate favored PBL-CBL: "SMD = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.15–1.78, P < 0.0001". Heterogeneity was high (I2 = 77%).
"The PBL-CBL group demonstrated significantly higher theoretical scores than the LBL group (SMD = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.15–1.78, P < 0.0001, I2 = 77%)"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Case-based learning and combined emerging methods show non-significant pooled advantages over lecture-based learning — related
- CBL produces significantly higher exam scores than LBL in pharmacy education (SMD = 0.58) — related
- Emerging teaching methods (PBL, CBL, FC) significantly improve dental students' exam scores compared to lecture-based learning — related
- PBL-CBL produces significantly higher practical skills scores than LBL in orthopedic education — related
- Eight new teaching methods (PBL + CBL, PBL + CP, CBL + WeChat, PBL + WeChat, TBL, PBL, PBL + EBM, CBL) each significantly outperform LBL on residents' theoretical scores — a broader claim this one bears on
- Pooled PBL-CBL versus LBL estimates for theoretical and practical scores show high heterogeneity and publication bias but remain robust in sensitivity and trim-and-fill analyses — related
- PBL-CBL improves physical examination and case analysis performance relative to LBL — related
- PBL produces higher examination scores than LBL in undergraduate pharmacology education (SMD = 2.03) — related
- CBL significantly increases skill scores compared with LBL (SMD=1.22) — related
- PBL produces better clinical competence than LBL in surgical education (SMD = 0.81) — related
- PBL improves comprehensive question scores compared with LBL (pooled SMD 0.53) — related
- PBL methods produce significantly better knowledge scores than traditional teaching among dental students (pooled MD 4.15) — related
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