PBL and TBL significantly improve nursing students' self-directed learning¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesis r3 · q3 · i2 medium
Currency · newest study 2026 · checked against its sources 2026-10-31 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i2 PBL (SMD = 0.53) and TBL (SMD = 0.78) each significantly improve self-directed learning; CBL evidence was limited to one study and excluded. → Zou Ya 2026

Evidence¶

Zou Ya 2026¶

Zou Ya, Xie Wenzhao, Huang Hui, Liu Dan, Zhou Qing, Yi Qifeng, Tong Xiaoliang, Mao Ping. (2026). The effects of case-based, problem-based, and team-based learning on nursing students’ problem-solving, self-directed learning, and communication skills: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Medical Education. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-026-08602-3

q3 · i2 · quant-synthesis · r3

Subgroup meta-analysis by teaching method for self-directed learning (Table 5). CBL was adopted in only one study and was excluded from the subgroup analysis, so no CBL estimate is pooled here.

"PBL (SMD = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.35–0.71, I2 = 49%, P<0.001), and TBL (SMD = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.46–1.10, I2 = 0%, P<0.001) all significantly improved nursing students’ self-directed learning"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Modern teaching methods significantly improve nursing students' self-directed learning (SMD = 0.57) — related
• CBL, PBL, and TBL each significantly improve nursing students' problem-solving abilities — related
• TBL significantly improves communication skills while PBL does not — related
• TBL alone and TBL combined with other methods both outperform LBL, with no significant difference between the two TBL formats — related
• Cluster analysis identifies PBL + WeChat, TBL and CBL + WeChat as most promising for theoretical and practical performance with low dissatisfaction — related