Students were more positive than staff that GAI use enhances academic performance, with staff means below the scale midpoint¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? The student Performance Expectancy distribution was skewed to the right with a mean of 5, while staff Performance Expectancy had a mean of 3.9, suggesting workload- and productivity-related affordances were not in view for many staff. → Kahn P 2026

Evidence¶

Kahn P 2026¶

Kahn P, Carrigan M, Wyman I, Liu R, Smith P, Andonegui AR, Murtagh L and Song F (2026) Still emerging: understanding Generative AI use in Higher Education. Front. Educ. 11:1885253. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1885253

q2 · i? · associational · r1

Validated Performance Expectancy scales on both surveys (Table 1). The student distribution was skewed to the right (p-values <0.05 on a D'Agostino test) with a mean of 5; the staff scale mean was 3.9 (SD 1.6), so the article concludes suitable affordances for easing workloads were "not straightforwardly in view for many staff respondents."

"While a direct comparison between the responses of staff and students is not appropriate given the different items that were used across the two surveys, the skew indicates a positive response on the part of respondents on this dimension of the student survey. The mean of 5 on this scale for the student responses would suggest that specific use cases were typically in view for the student respondents."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Staff showed more negativity in attitudes towards student use of GAI than students did — related
• Staff perceived students' use of GAI for academic purposes as more extensive than students reported themselves — related
• The main student use of GAI tools consistently in view was supporting language-usage and text production — related
• Students perceived facilitating conditions for GAI tool use to a greater extent than staff in the surveyed School — related
• Ghanaian pre-service science teachers hold significantly positive performance expectancy and effort expectancy toward AI — related