Planning effects on performance in test contexts are mixed, appearing for high-proficiency learners and high-load tasks but not overall¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · reviewr2·q2
Currency · newest study 2008 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q2 i? Wigglesworth (1997) found planned/unplanned performance differences especially for high-proficiency learners and high cognitive load tasks. → Yingli Wang 2008
q2 i? Elder and McNamara (2002) found no obvious effect of 3-minute planning on task performance. → Yingli Wang 2008 (2)
Evidence¶
Yingli Wang 2008¶
Yingli Wang. (2008). Influence of Planning on Students' Language Performance in Task-based Language Teaching. English Language Teaching, 1(1). https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/elt doi:10.5539/elt.v1n1p83
q2 · i? · review · r2
The review reports Wigglesworth's (1997) study in which 107 adult ESL learners performed five tasks of the Australian Assessment of Communicative Skills test, with 28 learners' performances analyzed against complexity, fluency and accuracy measures. No effect sizes are printed.
"The findings showed that there were obvious differences in learners' performances between planned and unplanned conditions, especially for the high-proficiency learners and in the task with a high cognitive load."
Yingli Wang 2008 (2)¶
Yingli Wang. (2008). Influence of Planning on Students' Language Performance in Task-based Language Teaching. English Language Teaching, 1(1). https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/elt
q2 · i? · review · r2
The review reports Elder and McNamara's (2002) examination of 3-minute planning with 201 ESL students, which "found no obvious effect on task performance". This null result is reported without an effect size.
"Elder and Mcnamara (2002) examined the effect of 3-minute planning on task performance of 201 ESL students. They found no obvious effect on task performance."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- The influence of strategic planning on accuracy is unclear and depends on task type and planning conditions — related
- Strategic pre-task planning has a clear positive influence on the complexity of learners' task performance — related
- Strategic pre-task planning enhances learners' fluency in task-based performance — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
planning-in-test-contexts-mixed-effects |
title |
Planning effects on performance in test contexts are mixed, appearing for high-proficiency learners and high-load tasks but not overall |
description |
Planning effects on performance in test contexts are mixed, appearing for high-proficiency learners and high-load tasks but not overall |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
mixed |
newest_evidence |
2008 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-09-27 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
2 — yingli-wang-2008, yingli-wang-2008-2 |
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