The three groups did not differ significantly on the pretest, supporting attribution of later differences to treatment¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 2010 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? A one-way ANOVA on the pretest yielded no main effect for group, F(2, 47) = 1.01, p = .37. → Jakub Bielak 2010

Evidence¶

Jakub Bielak 2010¶

Jakub Bielak, Mirosųaw Pawlak. (2010). Teaching English tense and aspect with the help of cognitive grammar: An empirical study. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 1(3), 365-400. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1136451

q2 · i? · causal · r1

One-way ANOVA on pretest scores of the three intact-class groups in the quasi-experiment. The article reports "no main effect for group (F(2, 47) = 1.01, p = .37)", so prior differences were judged not responsible for later differential performance; no effect size printed.

"A one-way ANOVA yielded no main effect for group (F(2, 47) = 1.01, p = .37) on the pretest (see Table 3), and it was therefore concluded that any inter-group differences in subsequent analyses were not due to prior differences among the groups."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• The three groups were equivalent on EPT pre-test scores before the intervention — possibly the same claim (merge candidate)