The XBA and C/DM PSW methods show chance-level agreement (kappa = -.10) in identifying LD among fourth graders with reading comprehension deficits¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2016 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
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q3 i? Agreement between XBA and C/DM LD identification decisions (kappa = -.10) did not improve on chance, with positive agreement .55 and negative agreement .52. → Miciak Jeremy 2016
Evidence¶
Miciak Jeremy 2016¶
Miciak Jeremy, Williams Jacob L., Taylor W. Pat, Cirino Paul T., Fletcher Jack M., Vaughn Sharon. (2016). Do Processing Patterns of Strengths and Weaknesses Predict Differential Treatment Response? Journal of Educational Psychology, 108(6), 898-909. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000096
q3 · i? · associational · r2
Cross-tabulation of LD identification decisions for 206 fourth graders classified by the XBA and C/DM methods at pretest. The kappa of -.10 indicates "no statistically significant improvement over that which would be expected by chance"; positive agreement was .55 and negative agreement .52.
"Agreement for the two methods achieved kappa = −.10, indicating no statistically significant improvement over that which would be expected by chance. Of the students identified by at least one battery (n=175), only 59 of these students were identified by both batteries."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Simulations indicate PSW cognitive assessment would improve classification of response by only about 5-10 students per 1,000 in the best case — related
- Simulation evidence cited in the article indicates PSW methods have consistently low positive predictive values despite high negative predictive values — related
- A few XBA inclusionary criteria modestly predict word reading only, with very small eta squared values (η2 range .008 to .018) — related
- C/DM LD status likewise does not predict posttest reading outcomes beyond pretest performance — related
- XBA LD status does not predict posttest reading outcomes beyond pretest performance in decoding, fluency, or comprehension — related
- For the C/DM, only short-term memory deficit status significantly predicted posttest word reading — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
psw-xba-cdm-poor-agreement-ld-identification |
title |
The XBA and C/DM PSW methods show chance-level agreement (kappa = -.10) in identifying LD among fourth graders with reading comprehension deficits |
description |
The XBA and C/DM PSW methods show chance-level agreement (kappa = -.10) in identifying LD among fourth graders with reading comprehension deficits |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2016 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-25 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — miciak-jeremy-2016 |
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