The reciprocal effects are robust to alternative models attributing them to latent confounding or residual error (RI-LTVC, STARTS)¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r3 · q3
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? RI-LTVC latent confounder loadings and STARTS residual variances were consistently nonsignificant, failing to challenge the RI-CCLPM results. → Núñez-Regueiro 2026

Evidence¶

Núñez-Regueiro 2026¶

Núñez-Regueiro, F., Marsh, H. W., Bressoux, P., Batruch, A., Bouet, M., Bressan, M., Brown, G., Butera, F., Cherbonnier, A., Darnon, C., Demolliens, M., de Place, A.-L., Desrichard, O., Goron, L., Hémon, B., Huguet, P., Jamet, E., Mazenod, V., Mella, N., Michinov, E., Michinov, N., Ofosu, N., Peter, L., Poletti, C., Régner, I., Riant, M., Robert, A., Rudmann, O., Sanrey, C., Stanczak, A., Toumani, F., Visintin, E. P., Pansu, P. (2026). I Feel Competent, Therefore I Am: Self-concept and Skill Interact at Different Speeds. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-026-10131-w

q3 · i? · associational · r3

Comparative SEM analysis in the pooled ProFAN sample testing whether reciprocal effects were artifacts. The RI-LTVC and STARTS variants "failed to challenge the RI-CCLPM results", with core parameters "consistently nonsignificant" in both domains.

"Similarly, the RI-LTVC and STARTS variants, designed to rule out spuriousness due to latent confounding or residual error, also failed to challenge the RI-CCLPM results. In both domains, their core parameters—latent confounder loadings in the RI-LTVC and residual variances in the STARTS—were consistently nonsignificant."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Reciprocal effects are robust to time-invariant confounders, but the French lagged self-concept effect did not survive the lag2 carryover stress test — related
• The extended REM was robust to several alternative modeling specifications proposed by Sorjonen et al. — related
• Adding lag-2 paths to CLPMs substantially improves fit and provides stronger controls for preexisting differences, positioning extended CLPMs as viable alternatives to RI-CLPMs — related
• Simulation evidence shows RI-CLPM estimates are biased when the true model is a CLPM with lag-2 effects, and fit statistics cannot decide between the two — related
• Across basic and extended RI-CLPMs and CLPMs of five-wave secondary-school data, math self-concept and achievement show consistent reciprocal (bidirectional) directional ordering — related
• The ESDM's unidirectional trait-ACH-to-trait-ASC path is not empirically identified, and the confounder-based RI-LTVC alternative shows poor fit with no support for a time-varying confounder — related