Inducing learners to recollect the prior study episode during retrieval practice enhances retention even when reexposure and initial success are held constant¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · review r3 · q2
Currency · newest study 2017 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? The chapter reports, citing Karpicke and Zaromb (2010), that final performance was consistently better after recalling targets by thinking back to the study episode than after generating them. → Karpicke 2017 q2 i? The chapter reports, citing Whiffen and Karpicke (2017), that making list discrimination judgments produced about a 10% free recall advantage relative to restudy. → Karpicke 2017 (2)

Evidence¶

Karpicke 2017¶

Karpicke, J. D. (2017). Retrieval-Based Learning: A Decade of Progress. Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference, 2nd edition, Volume 2. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21055-9

q2 · i? · review · r3

The chapter reports Karpicke and Zaromb (2010), where second-phase performance was about 75% in both conditions: "performance was consistently better when subjects had practiced retrieval (the recall condition)" than after generation.

"On the final tests, performance was consistently better when subjects had practiced retrieval (the recall condition) relative to when they generated the targets without thinking back to the original study episode (the generate condition)."

Karpicke 2017 (2)¶

Karpicke, J. D. (2017). Retrieval-Based Learning: A Decade of Progress. Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference, 2nd edition, Volume 2. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21055-9

q2 · i? · review · r3

The chapter reports Whiffen and Karpicke (2017), where both conditions reexperienced all items: "the list discrimination condition produced about a 10% advantage relative to restudy" on final free recall.

"On a final free recall test, the list discrimination condition produced about a 10% advantage relative to restudy."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Long-Term Memory — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• Retrieval practice improves long-term retention — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it

• Retrieval Failure Reduces Benefit — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it

• Retrieval practice enhances final-test recollection of contextual details and speeds final retrieval, as shown by list discrimination, response time, and cumulative recall measures — related
• Retrieval practice disrupted within-list order reconstruction of eight-item word lists, just as generation did — related
• On the final cumulative test, JOLs with word stems and retrieval practice improve List-5 recall over restudy, while restudy shows a List-1 advantage — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
• Whether initial retrieval practice enhances semantic organization in final free recall is unclear, with results that may depend on how retrieval practice is implemented — related
• Initial retrieval conditions that provide less cue support, such as free recall rather than recognition or fewer letter cues, tend to produce better retention despite lower initial success — related