Retrieval practice enhances final-test recollection of contextual details and speeds final retrieval, as shown by list discrimination, response time, and cumulative recall measures¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (3 entries) · review r2–r3 · q2
Currency · newest study 2017 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? The chapter reports, citing Chan and McDermott (2007), that initial retrieval practice enhanced performance on a final list discrimination test. → Karpicke 2017 q2 i? The chapter reports that the existing literature indicates response times on final tests are faster in retrieval practice than restudy conditions. → Karpicke 2017 (2) q2 i? The chapter reports, citing Lehman et al. (2014), that retrieval practice led to rapid recall of several items early in final free recall relative to study-only or elaborative study. → Karpicke 2017 (3)

Evidence¶

Karpicke 2017¶

Karpicke, J. D. (2017). Retrieval-Based Learning: A Decade of Progress. Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference, 2nd edition, Volume 2. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21055-9

q2 · i? · review · r3

The chapter reports Chan and McDermott (2007), with two word lists and free recall or a filler task: "Initial retrieval practice enhanced performance on the criterial list discrimination test".

"They then had subjects take a final list discrimination test, requiring subjects to indicate whether words had occurred in the first or second list. Initial retrieval practice enhanced performance on the criterial list discrimination test."

Karpicke 2017 (2)¶

Karpicke, J. D. (2017). Retrieval-Based Learning: A Decade of Progress. Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference, 2nd edition, Volume 2. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21055-9

q2 · i? · review · r2

The chapter summarizes a small literature: "response times during final tests are faster in retrieval practice conditions than they are in restudy control conditions".

"Relatively few studies have reported response times during final tests, but the existing literature indi- cates that response times during final tests are faster in retrieval practice conditions than they are in restudy control conditions"

Karpicke 2017 (3)¶

Karpicke, J. D. (2017). Retrieval-Based Learning: A Decade of Progress. Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference, 2nd edition, Volume 2. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21055-9

q2 · i? · review · r3

The chapter reports Lehman et al. (2014), who used cumulative recall curves: "initial retrieval practice led to rapid recall of several items early on during final free recall".

"They found that initial retrieval practice led to rapid recall of several items early on during final free recall, relative to conditions where subjects only studied items or completed an elaborative study task."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Long-Term Memory — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• Retrieval practice improves long-term retention — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it
• Inducing learners to recollect the prior study episode during retrieval practice enhances retention even when reexposure and initial success are held constant — related
• Practicing retrieval of some portions of an educational text can enhance retention of related nontested portions (retrieval-induced facilitation), but not when relational encoding is disrupted — related
• Retrieval practice instructions improved final recall of translations in Experiment 1 — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
• On the final cumulative test, JOLs with word stems and retrieval practice improve List-5 recall over restudy, while restudy shows a List-1 advantage — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
• Overt retrieval practice enhances interim recall of new List-5 material compared to restudy, and does not differ from JOLs with word stems — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
• Whether initial retrieval practice enhances semantic organization in final free recall is unclear, with results that may depend on how retrieval practice is implemented — related
• Retrieval practice disrupted within-list order reconstruction of eight-item word lists, just as generation did — related