Native signing and maternal education jointly predict bilingual ability, accounting for 38.4% of variance¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr1·q3
Currency · newest study 2011 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? A regression model with native/non-native signing and maternal education significantly predicted Bilingual Abilities (R² = 0.384). → Freel 2011
Evidence¶
Freel 2011¶
Freel, B. L., Clark, M. D., Anderson, M. L., Gilbert, G. L., Musyoka, M. M., & Hauser, P. C. (2011). Deaf Individuals’ Bilingual Abilities: American Sign Language Proficiency, Reading Skills, and Family Characteristics. Psychology, 2(1), 18-23. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2011.21003
q3 · i? · associational · r1
Multiple regression in the 55-participant sample testing native/non-native signing and maternal education as predictors of the combined Bilingual Ability score. The study reports "R2 = 0.384" and "F (3, 50) = 10.395, p = 0.000"; R² is variance explained, not a standardized effect size.
"Regression analyses indicated that native signing and mater-nal education level significantly predicted Bilingual Abilities, R2 = 0.384, R 2 adj = 0.347, F (3, 50) = 10.395, p = 0.000. This model accounted for 38.4% of the variance in Bilingual Ability."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Deaf adults in this sample read on average at a 5.8 grade level, ranging from grade 1.7 to post-college
- Family communication mode and hearing status at birth were not significantly related to bilingual abilities
- Higher maternal education relates to more proficient bilingual abilities in deaf adults — related
- Native signers of ASL show more proficient bilingual abilities than non-native signers — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
regression-native-signing-maternal-education-bilingual |
title |
Native signing and maternal education jointly predict bilingual ability, accounting for 38.4% of variance |
description |
Native signing and maternal education jointly predict bilingual ability, accounting for 38.4% of variance |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2011 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-16 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — freel-2011 |
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