The present results replicate Donati et al.'s (2019) finding that interference and lack of confidence, but not worry, relate to arithmetic test performance, extending it to unique variance and domain-general intelligence¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r3 · q3
Currency · newest study 2021 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

Reading the evidence codes

q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.

This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.

q3 i? The study replicates the Donati et al. (2019) correlation pattern and shows interference and lack of confidence explain unique variance in arithmetic fact retrieval, arithmetic procedures, and domain-general intelligence. → Schillinger 2021

Evidence¶

Schillinger 2021¶

Schillinger, F. L., Mosbacher, J. A., Brunner, C., Vogel, S. E., & Grabner, R. H. (2021). Revisiting the Role of Worries in Explaining the Link Between Test Anxiety and Test Performance. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09601-0

q3 · i? · associational · r3

Replication comparison against Donati et al. (2019), who found interference and lack of confidence but not worry or arousal significantly related to a standardized arithmetic test in Italian secondary school students. The present multiple-regression study extends this to unique variance and to a domain-general intelligence test.

"The present results replicate the correlations between PAF subscales and arithmetic performance reported by Donati et al. (2019). In addition, we show that interference and lack of confidence explain unique variance in both arithmetic fact retrieval and arithmetic procedures."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

General Cognitive Ability — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Arousal showed a positive relationship with final high school mathematics grade when controlling for the other test anxiety facets — related
Interference and lack of confidence correlated negatively with all performance measures, whereas worry and arousal showed selective, weaker bivariate correlations — a broader claim this one bears on
Interference and lack of confidence, but not worry or arousal, explain unique variance in university students' standardized test performance — possibly the same claim (merge candidate)
Worry did not explain unique variance in students' test performance or mathematics grade, challenging the worry-based explanation of the test anxiety-performance link — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
No evidence for a curvilinear relationship between arousal and test performance — related

Page metadata

Field	Value
`type`	`claim`
`id`	`replication-donati-interference-lack-confidence`
`title`	`The present results replicate Donati et al.'s (2019) finding that interference and lack of confidence, but not worry, relate to arithmetic test performance, extending it to unique variance and domain-general intelligence`
`description`	`The present results replicate Donati et al.'s (2019) finding that interference and lack of confidence, but not worry, relate to arithmetic test performance, extending it to unique variance and domain-general intelligence`
`status`	`review`
`evidence_strength`	`moderate`
`newest_evidence`	`2021`
`generated`	by `process:wiki-ingest` on `2026-10-19`
`trust`	unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
`sources`	1 — `schillinger-2021`

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