Reaction times are faster for predictable targets, but the RT benefit of prediction diminishes with progressing age¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2024 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? A linear mixed-effects model on correct reaction times showed faster responses to predictable targets. → Nir Shalev 2024 q3 i? The RT benefit associated with the Response-Onset Interval decreased with age (Age × Interval interaction). → Nir Shalev 2024 (2)

Evidence¶

Nir Shalev 2024¶

Nir Shalev, Sage Boettcher & Anna C. Nobre. (2024). Spatiotemporal predictions guide attention throughout the adult lifespan. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-024-00281-3

q3 · i? · causal · r2

LMM on correct-response reaction times from the online dynamic search task (N = 300). The article reports "main effects of Predictability ( β = 0.015; SE = 0.006; t(270.5) = −2.239; p = 0.025)", and states reaction times were faster for predictable targets.

"Analysis of the reaction times in the dynamic visual-search task revealed main effects of Predictability ( β = 0.015; SE = 0.006; t(270.5) = −2.239; p = 0.025)"

Nir Shalev 2024 (2)¶

Nir Shalev, Sage Boettcher & Anna C. Nobre. (2024). Spatiotemporal predictions guide attention throughout the adult lifespan. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-024-00281-3

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Same LMM on reaction times. The Age × Response-Onset Interval interaction "(β = 0.02; SE = 0.007; t(440.5) = 2.788;p = 0.005)" is reported; the authors note the benefit of the conditional probability was attenuated for older adults, though a similar trend appeared across all ages.

"alongside a two-way interaction of Response-Onset Interval and Age (β = 0.02; SE = 0.007; t(440.5) = 2.788;p = 0.005)"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• The accuracy benefit of spatiotemporal predictions does not interact with age across the adult lifespan — related
• Overall dynamic search performance declines with age, with accuracy decreasing and response times slowing — related
• The magnitude of ERP prediction markers correlates with the behavioral reaction-time benefit of predictability — related
• Predictable targets are detected at higher hit rates than unpredictable targets in dynamic visual search across adulthood — related