Gaming the system in the self-explanation step predicts delayed posttest scores beyond pretest, adding 3 percent of variance¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Both pretest and gaming the system in the self-explanation step significantly predicted delayed posttest scores (gaming β = −0.21, p = 0.022), adding 3 percent of variance over pretest alone. → Baker 2025

Evidence¶

Baker 2025¶

Baker, R. S., Richey, J. E., Zhang, J., Karumbaiah, S., Andres-Bray, J. M., Nguyen, H. A., Andres, J. M. A. L., & McLaren, B. M. (2025). Gaming the system mediates the relationship between gender and learning outcomes in a digital learning game. Instructional Science, 53, 203–238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-024-09679-3

q3 · i? · associational · r2

Study 1 linear regression predicting delayed posttest (overall R² = 0.58, F(2,67) = 46.83, p < 0.001) with pretest and self-explanation gaming rates. Gaming did not significantly predict immediate posttest (β = −0.16, p = 0.055).

"A model with just pretest scores predicted 55% of the variance in posttest scores, and the overall model predicted 58% of the variance, indicating that adding the rate of gaming the system on the self-explanation step predicted an additional 3 percent of the variance over the pretest alone."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Gaming the system is significantly negatively correlated with test performance in the digital learning game — related
• Deterministic interaction patterns relate to delayed retention self-explanation quality but not posttest performance — related
• In-game willingness to solve hard levels with complex code is positively associated with posttest coding knowledge, controlling for pretest — related