Sleep-stage durations, sleep fragmentation, and pre- and post-cue EEG band power were not significantly correlated with forgetting of cued items or the TMR-SD effect¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causalr2·q2
Currency · newest study 2024 · checked against its sources 2026-10-26 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q2 i? Neither forgetting ratio of cued items nor the TMR-SD effect correlated significantly with nap duration, wake, N2, N3, SFI, or alpha and beta band power around cues. → Nathan W. Whitmore 2024
Evidence¶
Nathan W. Whitmore 2024¶
Nathan W. Whitmore, Erika M. Yamazaki & Ken A. Paller. (2024). Targeted memory reactivation with sleep disruption does not weaken week-old memories. npj Science of Learning 9, 64. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-024-00276-0
q2 · i? · causal · r2
Exploratory Spearman rank correlations with Benjamini-Hochberg corrections across sleep measures; cued-item forgetting ratio also showed no significant correlations with the sleep measures or with alpha and beta mean band power before and after cues.
"The TMR-SD effect was also not signi ficantly correlated with any sleep measures [-0.05 ≤ ρ’s ≤ 0.21, cor- rectedp’s = 0.85]."
Discussion¶
Learner Variables¶
- Sleep — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
Related Claims¶
- Whether a cue provoked an EEG-scored arousal did not affect the forgetting ratio of cued objects — related
- Greater sleep disruption in the present study rules out reduced sleep disruption as an explanation for the absent memory weakening — related
- TMR benefits on name recall are negatively correlated with post-cue sleep disruption and post-cue beta-band EEG power, suggesting reactivation depends on undisturbed sleep — related
- N3 duration, cuing, and sleep-disruption measures are intercorrelated but represent separable facets of sleep quality in predicting the recall cuing effect — related
- The TMR cuing effect on name recall is positively correlated with the duration of stage N3 (slow-wave) sleep during the nap — related
- The TMR cuing effect on face recognition accuracy is associated with N3 sleep duration, though cueing did not significantly improve recognition overall — related
- Sleep Disruption Index classifies TMR responders: participants with an index below 0.13 showed a positive recall cuing effect, those above did not show a significant one — related
- TMR-SD auditory cues presented during sleep did not reliably weaken week-old spatial memories compared to uncued objects — related
- Sleep stage duration and architecture show no significant correlation with memory change in this nap paradigm — related
- The TMR-SD effect did not differ for objects with low versus high pre-nap spatial error, ruling out memory strength as the explanation — related
- The TMR-SD memory effect differed by post-learning delay: memory weakening occurred with a 1-hour delay but not with a 1-week delay — related
- TMR efficacy depends on memory strength and task difficulty: benefits concentrate on moderately strong and challenging items, with limited advantage for easy (L1) items — related
- Lower pre-sleep performance predicts larger TMR memory benefit in night 3 — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
sleep-measures-uncorrelated-with-tmr-sd-outcomes |
title |
Sleep-stage durations, sleep fragmentation, and pre- and post-cue EEG band power were not significantly correlated with forgetting of cued items or the TMR-SD effect |
description |
Sleep-stage durations, sleep fragmentation, and pre- and post-cue EEG band power were not significantly correlated with forgetting of cued items or the TMR-SD effect |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
weak |
newest_evidence |
2024 |
source_checked |
2026-10-26 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-26 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — nathan-w-whitmore-2024 |
Frontmatter is the page's machine-readable record — see the Schema & Guide.