Publication bias is present for theoretical knowledge outcomes but not for clinical practice performance in SP+CBL meta-analysis.¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesisr3·q3
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? Egger's test confirms significant small-study effect for theoretical knowledge (p<0.05) but not for clinical practice performance (p=0.346). → Yu Zizhong 2025
Evidence¶
Yu Zizhong 2025¶
Yu Zizhong, Zhao Zhao, Chen Xinyue, Shi Jiayi, Liang Yiting, Zhang Xicheng, Qu Mengjiao, Huang Meiyue, Li Panpan, Li Dan, Li Man, He Jinbo. (2025). Effects of standardised patients (SP) combined with case-based learning (CBL) in Chinese clinical education: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-095705
q3 · i? · quant-synthesis · r3
Funnel plot analysis and Egger's test for theoretical knowledge outcomes revealed evidence of publication bias, presumably stemming from the absence of negative results in small-sample studies.
"Egger’s test (p<0.05) confirmed the presence of a significant small-study effect in the meta-analysis of theoretical knowledge achievements, suggesting a certain degree of publication bias."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- SP+CBL pedagogy significantly improves clinical practice performance compared with LBL in Chinese clinical education. — related
- SP+CBL pedagogy significantly improves teaching satisfaction compared with LBL in Chinese clinical education. — related
- SP+CBL pedagogy significantly improves theoretical knowledge achievement compared with LBL in Chinese clinical education. — related
- Funnel-plot asymmetry ran contrary to small-study effects because larger-sample studies reported larger effect sizes, likely reflecting longer training programs — related
- Publication-bias checks indicate the pooled effect is unlikely to result from publication bias — reports the opposite
- No publication bias detected across included studies in the TBL-LBL meta-analysis — related
- Publication bias is absent for theoretical scores but present for clinical analysis skills — related
- Publication bias is present in studies of theoretical scores comparing 3D + PBL with LBL — related
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