Clients shifted between defensive and expansive stances nearly twice as often as workers, and initiatives connected to physical actions were more effective than verbal hints at triggering shifts¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · qualitative r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2018 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Across the four cases, clients shifted 10 times from defensive to expansive and 8 times from expansive to defensive, while workers shifted 5 times in each direction. → Nummijoki 2018 q2 i? Initiatives connected to physical actions seemed more effective at triggering stance shifts than mere verbal hints. → Nummijoki 2018 (2)

Evidence¶

Nummijoki 2018¶

Nummijoki, J., Engeström, Y., & Sannino, A. (2018). Defensive and expansive cycles of learning: A study of home care encounters. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 27(2), 224-264. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508406.2017.1412970

q2 · i? · qualitative · r2

Analysis of stance shifts across the four detailed cases. The authors report workers shifted five times each direction, note no significant difference in direction frequency, and observe clients shifted stances nearly twice as often as workers.

"the clients shifted 10 times from a defensive action to an expansive action and eight times from an expansive action to a defensive action"

Nummijoki 2018 (2)¶

Nummijoki, J., Engeström, Y., & Sannino, A. (2018). Defensive and expansive cycles of learning: A study of home care encounters. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 27(2), 224-264. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508406.2017.1412970

q2 · i? · qualitative · r2

The authors compare Excerpt 1 (verbal hint extinguished) with Excerpts 2 and 6 (physical-action initiatives that triggered shifts), concluding that physical-action initiatives were more effective triggers than verbal hints alone.

"Initiatives taken by one party in the form of or tightly connected to physical actions seemed to be more effective in this respect"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• In encounters where both client and worker are predominantly defensive, the learning cycle stalls before implementing, reflecting and consolidating actions
• Encounters with a mismatch between client's and worker's learning cycles typically contained all or almost all learning actions of the ideal-typical expansive cycle
• In encounters where both parties are predominantly expansive, early cycle actions such as questioning and modeling are typically absent and the focus is on implementing and consolidating — related
• In 30 home care visits implementing the Mobility Agreement, the most common cycle combination was client-expansive and worker-expansive (40%), yet at least one party was predominantly defensive in 60% of cases — related