Structured tutoring was the most common practice element but was ineffective in about 25% of studies using it, illustrating popularity bias in common elements reviews¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesisr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2020 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? Structured tutoring was the most common practice element, yet 25% of studies using it did not elicit statistically significant improvements. → Engell 2020
Evidence¶
Engell 2020¶
Engell, T., Kirkøen, B., Hammerstrøm, K. T., Kornør, H., Ludvigsen, K. H., & Hagen, K. A. (2020). Common Elements of Practice, Process and Implementation in Out-of-School-Time Academic Interventions for At-risk Children: a Systematic Review. Prevention Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-020-01091-w
q3 · i? · quant-synthesis · r2
Systematic review vote-counting analysis comparing element frequency in effective versus ineffective interventions. The review reports structured tutoring was "used in 15 effective interventions" while "25% of the studies using structured tutoring did not elicit statistically significant improvements."
"Interestingly, structured tutoring was the most common practice element, being used in 15 effective interventions. However, 25% of the studies using structured tutoring did not elicit statistically significant improvements."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Training parents to provide homework support was the most frequent common practice element in effective OSTA interventions for reading, and all 11 interventions using it were effective
- Training in parental school involvement at home, positive reinforcement, psychoeducation, and use of explicit goals showed positive frequency values across reading, math, and GPA outcomes
- Quality monitoring was the most common implementation element and regular support to the intervention receiver the most common process element in effective OSTA interventions — related
- The most common combination in effective OSTA interventions was professionals training caregivers in parental school involvement at home and homework support combined with positive reinforcement — related
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