The phrase and idea of teaching in small steps originated with Brophy's analysis of correlations showing teachers whose students had high proportions of correct responses¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · theoretical r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 2009 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Rosenshine credits Brophy with coining teaching in small steps to describe the instructional behaviors of teachers whose students had a high proportion of correct responses. → Daniel Robinson 2009

Evidence¶

Daniel Robinson 2009¶

Daniel Robinson. (2009). Editor's Note: Remembering Jere Brophy. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-009-9115-x

q2 · i? · theoretical · r1

Rosenshine's tribute attributes the origin of the phrase to Brophy's reading of raw correlational results from the process-outcome studies; Rosenshine says he helped spread the idea but that the original idea came from Brophy.

"It was Jere who looked at the raw correlational results and then developed the phrase "teaching in small steps " to describe the instructional behaviors of those teachers whose students had a high proportion of correct responses."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Brophy's dyadic observational system coded student responses to teacher questions as correct, partly correct, do not know, or error, and coded each teacher's response to those student responses — related
• Between 1969 and 1983 Brophy and colleagues conducted more process-outcome studies than any other researcher, correlating teacher classroom practices with student achievement gains — related
• Teacher expectation effects are conditional: some teachers exhibit markedly different behavior and opportunities based on perceived student ability while others do not — related