Theory of Mind skills differed substantially across the three populations, with German children scoring highest and Ovambo children lowest¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2020 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · overdue for a recheck since 2025: baselines and conditions change
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? Theory of Mind skills differed across populations. → Stengelin R 2020
Evidence¶
Stengelin R 2020¶
Stengelin R, Hepach R, Haun DBM (2020) Cultural variation in young children's social motivation for peer collaboration and its relation to the ontogeny of Theory of Mind. PLoS ONE 15(11): e0242071. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242071
q3 · i? · associational · r2
Linear mixed model on Theory of Mind scores (0–5 scale) from 240 children. "Theory of Mind skills differed across populations" (χ²(2) = 99.08, p < .001). German children (M = 3.43, SD = 1.22) scored higher than Hai||om children (M = 2.03, SD = 1.06), who scored higher than Ovambo children (M = 1.15, SD = 0.95).
"Theory of Mind skills differed across populations (χ2 (2) = 99.08,p< .001). German children (MGerman = 3.43,SDGerman = 1.22) scored higher than Hai||om children (MHai||om = 2.03,SDHai||om = 1.06)"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Across populations, children's positive emotional expressions selectively during collaboration predicted their Theory of Mind skills — related
- Knowledge-test scores differed strongly between German school types, with academic-track students scoring highest
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
theory-of-mind-scores-vary-across-populations |
title |
Theory of Mind skills differed substantially across the three populations, with German children scoring highest and Ovambo children lowest |
description |
Theory of Mind skills differed substantially across the three populations, with German children scoring highest and Ovambo children lowest |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2020 |
recheck_by |
2025 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-17 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — stengelin-r-2020 |
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