The replication successfully reproduced the original study's execution of contingent instruction, with tutors applying the contingency rule in 68.9% of interventions versus 70% in 1978¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causalr3·q3
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? Tutor accuracy and the distribution of error types closely matched the original study. → Smit 2025
Evidence¶
Smit 2025¶
Smit, N., de Kleijn, R., Wicherts, J. M., & van de Pol, J. (2025). What it takes to tutor—A preregistered direct replication of the scaffolding experimental study by D. Wood et al. (1978). Journal of Educational Psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000965
q3 · i? · causal · r3
Analysis of coded contingent-condition instruction videos (n = 69 children, four tutors); 398 of 1,278 interventions violated the contingency rule, yielding 68.9% correct versus 70% in 1978. Error-type distributions were very similar, χ2(2) = 3.92, p = .140, BF01 = 32.7 favoring no difference from the original.
"Overall, the tutors in our replication made 398 errors out of a total of 1,278 interventions during the instruction phase in the contingent condition. This shows that tutors in the replication successfully followed the complicated directions in 68.9% of the interventions"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Posttest performance of the replication's contingent condition was far below the original study's contingent condition, a large unregistered difference not seen for the three control conditions — related
- Tutor accuracy in applying the contingency rule showed no significant association with children's posttest outcome, efficiency, or autonomy, with near-zero correlations — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
tutor-adherence-contingency-rule-replicated |
title |
The replication successfully reproduced the original study's execution of contingent instruction, with tutors applying the contingency rule in 68.9% of interventions versus 70% in 1978 |
description |
The replication successfully reproduced the original study's execution of contingent instruction, with tutors applying the contingency rule in 68.9% of interventions versus 70% in 1978 |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2025 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-24 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — smit-2025 |
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