Confirmatory factor analysis supports both distinct 11-factor and four higher-order group structures of the Wheel across educational levels¶
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Evidence · 1 study · reviewr2·q2
Currency · newest study 2023 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
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q2 i? Modelling the Wheel's 11 factors as distinct but correlated factors fits data well across elementary, high school, and university students, and higher-order factor analysis also supports the a priori four-group clustering. → Andrew J. Martin 2023
Evidence¶
Andrew J. Martin 2023¶
Andrew J. Martin. (2023). Integrating Motivation and Instruction: Towards a Unified Approach in Educational Psychology. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09774-w
q2 · i? · review · r2
The review reports, citing Martin (2009), confirmatory and higher-order factor analysis findings for the Wheel's structure. Both the distinct 11-factor model and the a priori four-group higher-order clustering "represents a good fit to data" across educational levels. No effect sizes are printed.
"confirmatory factor analysis shows that modelling these as distinct (but correlated) factors provides a good fit to data among elementary school students, high school students, and university/college students (Martin, 2009). However, higher order factor analysis shows that the a priori thematic clustering of factors within each of positive motivation, positive engagement, negative motivation, and negative engagement also represents a good fit to data."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- A confirmatory factor analysis supports a four-factor structure of collaborative group engagement (behavioural, social, cognitive, conceptual-to-consequential) for the QCGE self-assessment scale — related
- Preschool emergent writing skills are best described by three correlated but distinct factors: Conceptual Knowledge, Procedural Knowledge, and Generative Knowledge — related
- The GenAI-RTS is supported by a five-factor structure in which Strategic reliance comprises Deliberate Use and Critical Evaluation facets alongside Instrumental, Dependent, and Dialogic factors — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
wheel-cfa-structure-support |
title |
Confirmatory factor analysis supports both distinct 11-factor and four higher-order group structures of the Wheel across educational levels |
description |
Confirmatory factor analysis supports both distinct 11-factor and four higher-order group structures of the Wheel across educational levels |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2023 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-21 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — andrew-j-martin-2023 |
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