Enhanced multiple-choice (EMC) questions with up to ten answers, graded correctness, and partial credit¶

Element · All elements
Evidence · no claims cited

Description¶

EMC questions are the article's proposed modification of the traditional multiple-choice format for use with computer-based classroom response systems. As the article lists it, 'EMC removes the restriction of limited choices per question' and 'EMC removes the limitation of one 'correct' answer per question', while 'EMC introduces the possibility of awarding partial credit for answers'. The authors developed physics-based EMC questions for wireless keypads in introductory college physics and report that students welcome the partial credit features.

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

• A computer-based response system whose grading software allows more alternatives and per-answer scoring than optical scanners

Constraints¶

• The authors note some EMC questions take more time to compose and answer than traditional MC questions

Target Learners¶

• secondary school through college/university students in science courses

Target Learning Goals¶

• probing conceptual understanding at higher Bloom's cognitive levels
• formative and summative assessment of student learning

Claims¶

Related Elements¶

• Traditional multiple-choice test item structure: stem, alternatives, and plausible distractors
• ConcepTest
• Technology-enhanced items (TEIs) as an assessment format adaptable to learning styles

Examples¶

• Grade keypad answers so every answer earns points, encouraging students to record their best choice

Key Sources¶

• Burnstein, R. A. and Lederman, L. M. (2007). Wireless Keypads −− A New Classroom Technology Using Enhanced Multiple-Choice Questions. Physics Education. https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0031-9120