Time-varying effect modeling (TVEM) of achievement gaps across continuous age 5 to 15¶

Element · All elements
Evidence · 1 claim (1 for) · 1 study (1 associational), q2 · 0 of 1 report an effect size · 1 claim rests on one study

Description¶

Time-varying effect modeling (TVEM) is the analytic approach the study uses to estimate "how the associations among race/ethnicity, poverty status, and math and reading achievement vary across continuous age from age 5 to age 15." Unlike estimates fixed to grade levels, TVEM yields gap trajectories as a continuous function of age, which is how the study locates the period around ages 7-8 when poverty-group gaps widen.

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

• Longitudinal achievement data spanning the age range of interest, here two large data sets covering ages 5 to 15

Constraints¶

• Applied in this article to math and reading achievement gaps by race/ethnicity and poverty status; no other outcomes are analyzed

Target Learners¶

• students from age 5 to age 15

Target Learning Goals¶

• measuring math and reading achievement gap development

Claims¶

• Racial achievement gaps in Chicago increased in all three eras, with African American students falling behind all other groups, especially in Era 3 [+W]

Related Elements¶

Examples¶

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Key Sources¶

• Megan Kuhfeld, Elizabeth Gershoff, Katherine Paschall. (2018). The development of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic achievement gaps during the school years. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 57, 62-73. https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-applied-developmental-psychology