Use the Mentefacto Map to define keywords and inclusion/exclusion criteria in systematic reviews¶

Strategy · All strategies
Evidence · no claims cited

Description¶

The review demonstrates a replicable search-structuring strategy: a Mentefacto Map, a tool from Conceptual Pedagogy, is "an ideogram that represents and conceptualizes a complex idea". In a systematic review it "helps identify keywords and accurately define inclusion and exclusion criteria". The author placed the core concept (GAI Integration in K-12 Education) at the center, listed isoordinate concepts as search keywords, supraordinate concepts for broader exploration, exclusions on the right, and infraordinate subclasses to refine searches, then combined keywords with Boolean operators and the asterisk wildcard.

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

• Identifying a central core concept, isoordinate keyword concepts, supraordinate context terms, exclusions, and infraordinate subclasses before database searching

Constraints¶

• Demonstrated here for a review of GAI in K-12 education; exclusions defined non-technological factors, academic and informal contexts as out of scope

Target Learners¶

• Researchers conducting systematic reviews in education

Target Learning Goals¶

• Designing systematic, replicable literature search and screening protocols

Related Strategies¶

• Use SPIDER to structure inclusion criteria and search strings for a qualitative evidence synthesis of AAC in education
• Direct Instruction: Keyword Search
• Literature Reviews
• Broaden search terminology and bibliographic databases in future eWIL reviews

Examples¶

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Key Sources¶

• Marzano, D. (2025). Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) in Teaching and Learning Processes at the K-12 Level: A Systematic Review. Technology, Knowledge and Learning. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-025-09853-7