Fund and design future research spanning multiple types of early care and education settings to inform exclusion legislation and intervention funding¶

Strategy · All strategies
Evidence · 5 claims (5 for) · 1 study (1 review), q2 · 0 of 1 report an effect size · 5 claims rest on one study

Description¶

The review recommends that future research draw on data spanning home-, center-, and school-based early care and education settings, because existing studies are siloed across disciplines and setting types, mirroring disconnected delivery and funding systems. The authors state that "Additional research that draws on data spanning multiple types of early care and education settings is needed to inform legislation and intervention funding decisions." They further caution that many state laws banning exclusion were passed quickly and are not grounded in research, so evidence synthesis should guide allocation of funds.

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

• Studies must include samples across home-, center-, and school-based ECCE settings and report program type so findings can generalize across delivery systems

Constraints¶

• Existing included studies mostly sampled mixed for-profit and nonprofit center-based programs; only three papers included home-based care and six included school-based preschool classrooms

Target Learners¶

• children birth to age 5 in early care and education settings

Target Learning Goals¶

• preventing suspension and expulsion of young children; reducing disciplinary disparities

Affordances¶

• Ecological Systems Theory Ecce Exclusion Framework

Claims¶

• Exclusionary discipline is common across early care settings: between 9.0% and 39.3% of teachers or programs reported using it in the prior year. [+W]
• Definitions and measures of early childhood exclusion vary widely across studies, including soft-expulsion practices that only one study captured. [+W]
• Boys, African American, and Hispanic children, and children with disabilities are disproportionately excluded from early care and education settings, though few studies computed disproportionality. [+W]
• Annual expulsion rates in early care and education settings range widely, from 6 to 43.3 per 1,000 children enrolled, varying by program type and jurisdiction. [+W]
• Children's prior expulsion history is positively associated with expulsion risk, while rated disruptiveness of behavior was not a significant predictor in the one study testing both. [+W]

Related Strategies¶

Examples¶

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Key Sources¶

• Katherine M. Zinsser, H. Callie Silver, Elyse R. Shenberger, and Velisha Jackson. (2022). A Systematic Review of Early Childhood Exclusionary Discipline. Review of Educational Research. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543211070047