Interactive model of reading: four interacting aspects of the reading process¶

Theory · All theories
Evidence · 2 claims (2 for) · 1 study (1 theoretical), q2 · 0 of 1 report an effect size · 2 claims rest on one study

Description¶

The paper defines reading as an active thinking process with four interacting aspects: readers use both reader-based and text-based inferencing to construct meaning, elaborate what and how they read, continually monitor their understanding, and use the situational context to focus purposes. The model holds that "a pattern is synthesized based on information provided simultaneously from several knowledge sources" combined with prior grammatical and topic knowledge. Figure 1 depicts these aspects as continuously interacting while readers construct meaning.

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

• All four aspects must operate together; effective readers coordinate sources of information, elaborate meaning and strategies, check their understanding, and use the context to focus their reading

Constraints¶

• The model is applied to elementary remedial reading contexts in this paper

Target Learners¶

• elementary school readers, including remedial readers

Target Learning Objectives¶

• reading comprehension
• strategic reading

Claims¶

• Low reading-group first graders read far fewer words than high-group peers, limiting elaboration [+W]
• Poor beginning readers overrely on a single information source rather than integrating all available cues [+W]

Related Theories¶

Examples¶

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Key Sources¶

• Walker, B. J. (1989). The Interactive Model of Reading: Deciding How Disability Occurs. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED315726