Lyster and Ranta's six-category taxonomy of corrective feedback¶

Theory · All theories
Evidence · 4 claims (4 for) · 2 studies (1 causal, 1 quant-synthesis), q2–q3 · 0 of 2 report an effect size · 3 claims rest on one study

Description¶

The article adopts Lyster and Ranta's classification of corrective feedback, which the authors call "The most comprehensive taxonomy of corrective feedback." It distinguishes six categories: "explicit correction, recast, metalinguistic feedback, elicitation, repetition, and clarification request." The article groups these along an explicitness dimension, treating explicit correction and metalinguistic feedback as explicit types and recasts and clarification requests as implicit types, and uses three of the categories as its treatment conditions.

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

• Feedback types are distinguished by level of explicitness and by whether they allow self-repair or other-repair

Constraints¶

Target Learners¶

• Iranian EFL learners
• second language classroom learners

Target Learning Objectives¶

• acquisition of grammatical forms (English wh-question structures)

Claims¶

• Metalinguistic Beats Recasts Immediate Not Delayed [+M]
• Metalinguistic feedback and recasts, but not clarification requests, significantly improve Iranian EFL learners' wh-question performance on an immediate post-test [+W]
• Metalinguistic feedback's gains on wh-question performance decline over a ten-day delay while recast gains hold, leaving the two no different [+W]
• Corrective feedback treatment and time interact significantly in shaping wh-question learning gains across the three testing periods [+W]

Related Theories¶

• A data-driven, ten-type taxonomy of teacher feedback on open-ended mathematics responses

Examples¶

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Key Sources¶

• Ehsan Rassaei, Ahmad Moinzadeh. (2011). Investigating the Effects of Three Types of Corrective Feedback on the Acquisition of English Wh-question Forms by Iranian EFL Learners. English Language Teaching, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v4n2p97