OECD AI System Classification Framework as an analytical lens for comparing AI regulations¶

Theory · All theories
Evidence · 5 claims (5 for) · 1 study (1 qualitative), q2 · 0 of 1 report an effect size · 5 claims rest on one study

Description¶

The OECD framework is a multifaceted classification approach for characterizing AI systems across technical, ethical, and societal dimensions. It encompasses five dimensions: "People and planet," "Economic context," "Data and input," "AI model," and "Task and output." The article uses it as a foundational tool to classify and compare 11 AI regulatory documents, providing a structured basis for assessing each regulation's core focus and priorities and for considering implications for learning analytics. It also proposes lifecycle elements from planning and design through operating and monitoring.

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

• Regulatory documents must be available in English or officially translated versions for classification using the framework's language

Constraints¶

• Some dimensions apply more in early development phases (in the lab) than once AI systems are deployed (in the field)
• The framework was not designed as a governance tool itself

Target Learners¶

• Learning analytics researchers
• AI policy researchers
• Educational institution policymakers

Target Learning Objectives¶

• Understanding how AI regulatory frameworks can be systematically compared and classified to inform responsible AI-driven learning analytics design

Claims¶

• Eu China Most Comprehensive Ai Regulations Oecd [+M]
• Ai Policy Tension Ethics Versus Economic Benefit [+M]
• African countries' AI policies are high-level and more focused on economic goals than on establishing specific regulatory requirements [+W]
• The EU AI Act's ban on emotion recognition in education restricts an area of potential application for learning analytics [+W]
• US AI regulation shifted dramatically in early 2025: the AI Bill of Rights and Executive Order 14110 were revoked and replaced by a deregulation-focused executive order [+W]

Related Theories¶

Examples¶

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Key Sources¶

• Kaliisa, R., Baker, R. S., Wasson, B., & Prinsloo, P. (2025). The Coming but Uneven Storm: How AI Regulation Will Impact AI and Learning Analytics Research in Different Countries. Journal of Learning Analytics, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.18608/jla.2025.8495