AI dependence is negatively associated with self-reported creativity among Chinese college students, with a residual direct effect after motivational mediators are controlled¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? AI dependence shows a significant negative total association with self-reported creativity (β = −0.165). → Hou Jie 2026 q2 i? The direct effect remains significant and negative (β = −0.122) after controlling the four motivational mediators, indicating partial mediation. → Hou Jie 2026

Evidence¶

Hou Jie 2026¶

Hou Jie, Huang Yanhong, Wang Qing, Yao Xiaoxue, Zhang Peizheng, Zhao Fengqing. (2026). AI Dependence and Self-Reported Creativity Among Chinese College Students: The Roles of Motivation for AI Use and Perceived AI Literacy. Behavioral Sciences, 16(9), 1712. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16091712

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Cross-sectional survey of 5764 Chinese university students; observed-variable parallel mediation in lavaan with 5000 bootstrap resamples. The article reports the total effect "was significant and negative (β = −0.165" with the direct effect β = −0.122 remaining after mediators were controlled.

"The total effect of AI dependence on self-reported creativity was significant and negative (β = −0.165, Boot SE = 0.013, 95% Boot CI [−0.195, −0.143], p < 0.001)."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Creativity — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

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• Instrumental motivation shows a small negative indirect association in the moderated model, contrary to the hypothesized positive pathway, with sign reversal across model specifications — related
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• The indirect association through social motivation is model-dependent: negative in the unconditional model but positive and attenuating with higher perceived AI literacy in the moderated model — related
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• Teacher support is negatively associated with AI dependency among university students — related
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