Higher self-rated Japanese proficiency, more frequent AI use, and prior AI-related training predicted membership in the positive versus maladaptive adaptation profile at Time 1¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r3 · q3
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Relative to the maladaptive profile, higher self-rated proficiency (OR = 1.68, p = 0.003), more frequent AI use (OR = 1.42, p = 0.012), and prior AI-related training (OR = 2.16, p < 0.001) predicted positive-profile membership; gender, age, year of study, and major status were not significant. → Wu Y 2026

Evidence¶

Wu Y 2026¶

Wu Y (2026) Profiles and transitions of psychological adaptation in AI-assisted Japanese language learning. Front. Psychol. 17:1837484. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1837484

q3 · i? · associational · r3

R3STEP multinomial logistic regression predicting Time 1 profile membership from seven background variables entered simultaneously; prior AI training also predicted moderate versus maladaptive membership (OR = 1.58, p = 0.024). Background variables were not used to predict transitions.

"Relative to the maladaptive adaptation profile, learners with higher self-rated Japanese proficiency (OR = 1.68, p = 0.003), more frequent AI use (OR = 1.42, p = 0.012), and prior AI-related training (OR = 2.16, p < 0.001) had significantly greater odds of membership in the positive adaptation profile."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Three latent profiles of psychological adaptation to AI-assisted Japanese learning (maladaptive, moderate, positive) are identified at each of three waves — related
• At Time 3, profile membership was significantly associated with Japanese learning self-efficacy and learning burnout, with all three profiles differing pairwise — related
• Greater prior AI learning experience and female gender predicted upward motivational profile transitions — related