Cathodal tDCS to M1 during interleaved practice weakens encoding, producing poorer performance across training and at all retention tests¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2024 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? IP-ctDCS participants showed higher TT than IP-Sham for all training blocks except Block 9. → Taewon Kim 2024 q3 i? The poorer encoding carried into retention: a significant main effect of Group on test blocks reflected poorer novel skill memory for the IP-ctDCS group. → Taewon Kim 2024 (2)

Evidence¶

Taewon Kim 2024¶

Taewon Kim, Hakjoo Kim, Benjamin A. Philip & David L. Wright. (2024). M1 recruitment during interleaved practice is important for encoding, not just consolidation, of skill memory. npj Science of Learning 9, 77. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-024-00290-2

q3 · i? · causal · r2

A 2 (Group: IP-Sham, IP-ctDCS) × 9 (Block) repeated-measures ANOVA on training performance found a significant interaction, with "higher TT for the IP-ctDCS participants" on all training blocks except Block 9.

"We found a signi ficant interaction, F (8, 272) = 2.26, p < 0.05, ηp 2 = 0.06), resulting from higher TT for the IP-ctDCS participants com- pared to their IP-sham counterparts for all training blocks except for Block 9"

Taewon Kim 2024 (2)¶

Taewon Kim, Hakjoo Kim, Benjamin A. Philip & David L. Wright. (2024). M1 recruitment during interleaved practice is important for encoding, not just consolidation, of skill memory. npj Science of Learning 9, 77. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-024-00290-2

q3 · i? · causal · r2

On the retention test blocks (Post 5 min, 6 h, 24 h), a significant main effect of Group showed the encoding deficit from ctDCS during training "remained throughout retention", accounting for poorer novel skill memory for the IP-ctDCS group.

"The impact the relatively poorer encoding as a result of ctDCS during IP training remained throughout retention, re flected in a signi ficant main effect of Group, F(1, 68) = 7.58, p <0 . 0 1 ,ηp 2 = 0.1, for the test blocks (p < 0.001 for all test blocks: Post 5min,P o s t6h,P o s t24h)"

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Long-Term Memory — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• ctDCS to M1 during interleaved practice does not disrupt subsequent offline consolidation, which proceeds similarly with and without stimulation — related
• Early offline gain after interleaved practice is reduced by ctDCS: IP-Sham improves from final training block to the 5-min test while IP-ctDCS remains stable — related
• Interleaved practice produces better long-term retention than repetitive practice via offline gains at 6 h and 24 h — related