Early offline gain after interleaved practice is reduced by ctDCS: IP-Sham improves from final training block to the 5-min test while IP-ctDCS remains stable¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r2 · q3 · i0–i2
Currency · newest study 2024 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i2 IP-Sham participants exhibited a significant reduction in TT from the last training block to the 5-min test (d = 0.63). → Taewon Kim 2024 q3 i0 The IP-ctDCS group remained relatively stable in TT 5 min after training (d = 0.11). → Taewon Kim 2024 (2)

Evidence¶

Taewon Kim 2024¶

Taewon Kim, Hakjoo Kim, Benjamin A. Philip & David L. Wright. (2024). M1 recruitment during interleaved practice is important for encoding, not just consolidation, of skill memory. npj Science of Learning 9, 77. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-024-00290-2

q3 · i2 · causal · r2

Within the 2 (Group) × 2 (Time Point: Block 9, Post 5 min) ANOVA on early offline gain, the IP-Sham group "exhibited a signi ficant reduction in TT", d = 0.63, from the final training block to the 5-min test.

"TT across the last training block and the 5-minute delayed test session for the participants assigned to the IP-Sham group exhibited a signi ficant reduction in TT, t(34) = 3.83,p < 0.001, d = 0.63"

Taewon Kim 2024 (2)¶

Taewon Kim, Hakjoo Kim, Benjamin A. Philip & David L. Wright. (2024). M1 recruitment during interleaved practice is important for encoding, not just consolidation, of skill memory. npj Science of Learning 9, 77. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-024-00290-2

q3 · i0 · causal · r2

In the same early-offline-gain analysis, the IP-ctDCS group "remained relatively stable in TT 5 min after the training", d = 0.11, a negligible change.

"while the ctDCS group remained relatively stable in TT 5 min after the training, t(34) = 0.78,p = 0.44, d = 0.11"

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Long-Term Memory — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• ctDCS to M1 during interleaved practice does not disrupt subsequent offline consolidation, which proceeds similarly with and without stimulation — reports the opposite
• Cathodal tDCS to M1 during interleaved practice weakens encoding, producing poorer performance across training and at all retention tests — related
• Interleaved practice produces better long-term retention than repetitive practice via offline gains at 6 h and 24 h — related
• Consolidation trajectories differ by schedule: IP-Sham is stable over 6 h then improves after sleep, while RP-Sham forgets in the first 6 h — related
• Stimulation at PMd during repetitive practice fails to induce the early (6-h) time-dependent consolidation typical of interleaved practice — related