Daily physiological changes in non-experimental situations influence measures of brain structure and function¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · design r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Measures of brain structure and function are influenced by day-to-day physiological changes such as exercise, (de)hydration, caffeine intake, and the menstrual cycle. → Falkenstein Kim 2026

Evidence¶

Falkenstein Kim 2026¶

Falkenstein Kim, Pauley Claire, Kühn Simone. (2026). Investigating effects of day-to-day variations in environmental exposure on the human brain: study protocol for the Day2Day Environment project. BMC Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12868-026-01052-z

q2 · i? · the article prints no effect size for this finding · design · r1

The protocol asserts, citing prior studies, that "measures of brain structure and function are influenced by daily physiological changes in non-experimental situations" including exercise, hydration, caffeine, and menstrual cycle. No effect sizes are printed.

"measures of brain structure and function are influenced by daily physiological changes in non-experimental situations, such as exercise [20], (de)hydration [21, 22], caffeine intake [23, 24], or the menstrual cycle [25]"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Exercise Increases Hippocampal Volume — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
• Classroom physical activity increases children's on-task behaviour, with no consistent gain on attention or other cognitive tests — related
• Early training produces neural and physiological adaptations that can be misattributed to innate talent — related
• Time of day and days since the first scan are robust predictors of within-person variance in grey matter and total cortex volume — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
• Physical well-being — exercise, sleep, and nutrition — impacts learning — related
• Menstrual cycle phase did not significantly moderate stress effects on cognitive flexibility — related
• Physical exercise up-regulates neurotrophic factors and enhances neural structure and function in animals and human adults — related
• Time spent outdoors in the 24 hours before scanning is positively associated with grey matter volume in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex — a narrower finding that bears on this claim