Experts verbalized fewer SRL phases overall than novices during clinical reasoning, with feelings of uncertainty almost absent among experts¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 2025 · checked against its sources 2026-10-20 (automated, 2 of 2 entries) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? A Fisher's Exact test revealed a significant difference in the frequency of SRL phases between experts and novices (p = 0.0005), with experts verbalizing fewer SRL phases overall. → Cloude 2025 q2 i? Only one expert verbalized feelings of uncertainty (<1% of codes), whereas each novice verbalized uncertainty almost 5% of the time. → Cloude 2025 (2)

Evidence¶

Cloude 2025¶

Cloude, E. B., Chapman, R., Azevedo, R., Castiglioni, A., LaRochelle, J., Hernandez, C., & Torre, D. (2025). Novice and expert self-regulated learning phase transitions in medical diagnosis: Implications for adaptive and intelligent systems. Instructional Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-025-09729-4

q2 · i? · associational · r1

Group-comparison result (Fisher's Exact test) on coded think-aloud phase frequencies from n = 7 physicians and n = 27 medical students; the test was significant (p = 0.0005) and "Experts verbalized fewer SRL phases overall compared to novices". No effect size is printed.

"A Fisher’s Exact test revealed a significant difference in the frequency of SRL phases between experts and novices, p = 0.0005. Experts verbalized fewer SRL phases overall compared to novices"

Cloude 2025 (2)¶

Cloude, E. B., Chapman, R., Azevedo, R., Castiglioni, A., LaRochelle, J., Hernandez, C., & Torre, D. (2025). Novice and expert self-regulated learning phase transitions in medical diagnosis: Implications for adaptive and intelligent systems. Instructional Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-025-09729-4

q2 · i? · associational · r1

Descriptive contrast in uncertainty verbalizations from the same think-aloud study: only one expert "verbalized Feeling uncertain (< 1%)", whereas each novice verbalized uncertainty almost 5% of the time. Percentages are descriptive; no test statistic accompanies this contrast.

"expert verbalized Feeling uncertain (< 1%), whereas each novice verbalized feeling uncer- tain almost 5% of the time."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Prior Knowledge — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Related Claims¶

• The relation between medical expertise and diagnostic accuracy was case-dependent: positive for Case 4, negative for Case 1 (novices outperformed experts), and absent for Cases 2, 3, and 5 — related
• Novices showed marginally higher complexity of SRL phase sequences than experts (frequent but predictable transitions), with no group differences in entropy or transition number — related
• Empirical studies support Zimmerman's SRL models, including expert-novice differences and phase-training effects — a broader claim this one bears on
• SRL phase transitions during clinical reasoning with a multimedia system are frequent, cyclical, and dominated by Forethought→Performance and Performance→Forethought transitions — related
• Relations between SRL phase frequency/diversity and illness script activation were mixed across cases: more frequent and diverse transitions were sometimes beneficial (Cases 2, 4) and sometimes detrimental (Cases 1, 3, 5) — related