Empirical studies support Zimmerman's SRL models, including expert-novice differences and phase-training effects¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r? · q2
Currency · newest study 2017 · checked against its sources 2026-10-20 (automated, 2 of 2 entries) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? In a study of college women volleyball experts and non-experts, SRL skills predicted 90% of the variance in serving skills. → Panadero 2017 q2 i? Training more phases of Zimmerman's cyclical model produced better basketball free-throw scores in a linear trend. → Panadero 2017 (2)

Evidence¶

Panadero 2017¶

Panadero, E. (2017). A Review of Self-regulated Learning: Six Models and Four Directions for Research. Frontiers in Psychology, 8:422. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00422

q2 · i? · associational · r?

The review reports this comparison of experts and non-experts, testing the cyclical phase model, in which "SRL skills predicted 90% variance in serving skills". The review reports this proportion of variance and no standardized effect size, so impact is coded i?: not quantified here, which is not the same as null.

"Kitsantas and Zimmerman (2002) compared college women that were experts and non-experts in volleyball, finding that the SRL skills predicted 90% variance in serving skills."

Panadero 2017 (2)¶

Panadero, E. (2017). A Review of Self-regulated Learning: Six Models and Four Directions for Research. Frontiers in Psychology, 8:422. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00422

q2 · i? · review · r2

A training experiment with 50 college students across five conditions found "a linear trend: the more phases trained the better the participants' scores". No effect size is printed, so impact is coded i?: the review reports a positive linear trend without quantifying it, which is not the same as null.

"Cleary et al. (2006) trained 50 college students in basketball free throws organized in five different conditions: one-phase SRL, two-phases SRL, three-phases SRL, control group practice-only and control group no-practice. The results showed a linear trend: the more phases trained the better the participants' scores."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Empirical studies support Zimmerman's cyclical and multi-level SRL models, including a linear trend favoring training more SRL phases — related
• Self-regulated learning improves achievement — a broader claim this one bears on
• Experts verbalized fewer SRL phases overall than novices during clinical reasoning, with feelings of uncertainty almost absent among experts — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
• Novices showed marginally higher complexity of SRL phase sequences than experts (frequent but predictable transitions), with no group differences in entropy or transition number — related
• The tribute reports that process and transitional goals could outperform outcome goals in dart-throwing practice — related
• SRL phase transitions during clinical reasoning with a multimedia system are frequent, cyclical, and dominated by Forethought→Performance and Performance→Forethought transitions — a narrower finding that bears on this claim