Latent class analysis of 641 higher education students' survey responses identifies four distinct classes of feedback experience¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? LCA on 26 retained survey items identified four latent classes with estimated proportions 0.143, 0.331, 0.297, and 0.228, labelled Information Seekers with Low Emotional Strain, Feedback Contemplators with High Emotional Strain, Inconsistent Action Takers with Low Challenge Awareness, and Feedback Appreciators with Action Struggles. → Flora Ji-Yoon Jin 2025 q2 i? The four classes show distinctive profiles: e.g., Feedback Appreciators with Action Struggles (n = 144) were highly motivated and reflected and planned on feedback but reported significant difficulties taking action due to feedback lacking clear expectations. → Flora Ji-Yoon Jin 2025 (2)

Evidence¶

Flora Ji-Yoon Jin 2025¶

Flora Ji-Yoon Jin, Lixiang Yan, Roberto Martinez-Maldonado, Dragan Gašević, Philip Wing Keung Chan, Yi-Shan Tsai. (2025). Latent classes of self-reported feedback experiences: exploring students’ challenges, motivations, and action-taking behaviours in feedback processes. Instructional Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-025-09744-5

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Latent class analysis of survey data from 641 higher education students (29 Likert items, Cronbach's alpha = 0.85; 26 items retained after correlation screening). Model selection was by lowest BIC, and "the BIC reached its minimum value when the model included four latent classes".

"the BIC reached its minimum value when the model included four latent classes, indicating that this model provides the best balance between fit and complexity."

Flora Ji-Yoon Jin 2025 (2)¶

Flora Ji-Yoon Jin, Lixiang Yan, Roberto Martinez-Maldonado, Dragan Gašević, Philip Wing Keung Chan, Yi-Shan Tsai. (2025). Latent classes of self-reported feedback experiences: exploring students’ challenges, motivations, and action-taking behaviours in feedback processes. Instructional Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-025-09744-5

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Profile plots and fit metrics characterised the four classes; AvePP values were 0.966, 0.955, 0.949, and 0.956, and "The estimated class proportions (ˆπk ) were 0.143, 0.331, 0.297, and 0.228". Class descriptions (e.g., Class 4, n = 144, motivated but struggling to act) come from the same results section.

"The estimated class proportions (ˆπk ) were 0.143, 0.331, 0.297, and 0.228, respectively, indicating the distribution of respondents across the four latent classes."

Discussion¶

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