After gamified security training, female students gave more positive confidence and format-preference ratings than male students (descriptive survey percentages, no inferential test)¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · design r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2025 · checked against its sources 2026-10-20 (automated, 2 of 2 entries) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

Reading the evidence codes

q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.

This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.

q2 i? 100% of female participants (25/25) responded positively on confidence (Q2), while a small subset of males (8%, n=2) strongly disagreed. → Bingjun Li 2025 q2 i? 88% of female participants (22/25) selected Strongly Agree on format preference (Q5) versus 56% of males (14/25). → Bingjun Li 2025 (2)

Evidence¶

Bingjun Li 2025¶

Bingjun Li, Christopher Buzaid, Weihao Qu. (2025). Security Education in Higher Education through AI-Powered Gamification. Journal of Cybersecurity, Digital Forensics and Jurisprudence. https://doi.org/10.65879/3070-5789.2025.01.07

q2 · i? · design · r2

Gender breakdown of the 50-student survey (25 male, 25 female). On the confidence item, "100% of female participants (25/25) responded positively" while 8% of males strongly disagreed; descriptive percentages only, no effect size.

"In response to Q2, 100% of female participants (25/25) responded positively. In contrast, while the male cohort was largely positive, a small subset (8%, n=2) expressed strong disagreement."

Bingjun Li 2025 (2)¶

q2 · i? · design · r2

Format-acceptance item in the same gender breakdown of the N=50 survey. Female participants showed stronger preference, with "88% (22/25) selecting "Strongly Agree"" versus 56% of males; no inferential test is reported.

"Female participants exhibited a stronger preference, with 88% (22/25) selecting "Strongly Agree" for Q5."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

Gender — moderator: an instructional effect differs by group
Self-Efficacy — moderator: an instructional effect differs with it

GenAI function, intervention duration, publication year, and gender were not significant moderators of GenAI's motivational effect — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it
In a prior comparative evaluation, gamified phishing-detection modules produced better learning effects than Mimecast training — related
Playing the gamified security modules raised students' self-reported confidence and understanding of online security — a broader claim this one bears on
Female students show stronger academic self-confidence, more positive attitudes, higher achievement, and fewer absences, but this advantage diminishes almost completely under mastery learning — related
Male students are significantly more work-avoidant than female students in the project-based course, with no gender differences on the other measures — related
WEC index effects on academic outcomes are more pronounced for male students, with the well-being effect on literacy absent for females — related
Female student teachers score significantly higher on performance goal orientation than male students, with no gender differences on the other dimensions — related
College students overwhelmingly prefer short, mobile-friendly gamified security training over long desktop training or videos — related
Most surveyed power-and-energy respondents would use a power-specific hands-on AI tutorial, and few rate generic image-based AI examples as very relevant — related
Both male and female students show statistically significant medium-sized gains in AI knowledge and confidence after a one-day AI literacy workshop — related
No statistically significant gender differences in perceived learning outcomes across any dimension among higher vocational students — related

Page metadata

Field	Value
`type`	`claim`
`id`	`gender-differences-gamified-security-training`
`title`	`After gamified security training, female students gave more positive confidence and format-preference ratings than male students (descriptive survey percentages, no inferential test)`
`description`	`After gamified security training, female students gave more positive confidence and format-preference ratings than male students (descriptive survey percentages, no inferential test)`
`status`	`review`
`evidence_strength`	`moderate`
`newest_evidence`	`2025`
`source_checked`	`2026-10-20`
`generated`	by `process:wiki-ingest` on `2026-10-10`
`trust`	unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
`sources`	2 — `bingjun-li-2025`, `bingjun-li-2025-2`

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