Studies reporting age and gender differences in student engagement unanimously show higher engagement for girls and younger students¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · reviewr3·q3
Currency · newest study 2023 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? Among reviewed studies that tested age or gender differences in SE, all reported higher SE values for girls and for younger students. → Anabela Caetano Santos 2023
Evidence¶
Anabela Caetano Santos 2023¶
Anabela Caetano Santos, Celeste Simões, Márcia H.S. Melo, Margarida F. Santos, Iara Freitas, Cátia Branquinho, Carmel Cefai, Patrícia Arriaga. (2023). A systematic review of the association between social and emotional competencies and student engagement in youth. Educational Research Review. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2023.100535
q3 · i? · review · r3
The review's synthesis of subgroup findings across the included observational studies. Individual studies in Table 2 report consistent patterns, e.g. girls reporting higher school connectedness (F(1, 834) = 6.238, p < .05) and age weakly negatively associated with engagement.
"Studies reporting age and gender differences with respect to SE showed unanimously higher SE values for girls and younger students."
Discussion¶
Learner Variables¶
- Age and Developmental Stage — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
- Gender — predictor: outcomes differ by group: a gap reflecting circumstances and treatment, not a cause
Related Claims¶
- Findings on gender differences in engagement with adaptive learning platforms are mixed, with some studies showing higher engagement among girls and others among boys — reports the opposite
- Boys received more process praise and scored higher in 4th grade math than girls in this sample — related
- Boys read for leisure and enjoy reading less than girls, but no sex differences appear in mental imagery — related
- Girls outperform boys on effortful control, teacher-rated social competence, and achievement in this sample — related
- Gender is unevenly distributed across participation profiles: boys are overrepresented among disconnected and girls among diligent students — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
girls-younger-students-higher-engagement |
title |
Studies reporting age and gender differences in student engagement unanimously show higher engagement for girls and younger students |
description |
Studies reporting age and gender differences in student engagement unanimously show higher engagement for girls and younger students |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2023 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-21 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — anabela-caetano-santos-2023 |
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