Higher inhibition and working-memory scores predict better overall Shape School accuracy at some ages, independent of trial type¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2012 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Go/No-Go performance had significant main effects on accuracy at ages 3;9 (γ = .004, p = .023 in mixing models) and in local-cost models at 3;9 and 4;6. → Chevalier N. 2012 q3 i? Nebraska Barnyard performance had significant main effects at ages 3;9 and 4;6 in local-cost models, but not at 5;3 (p = .36). → Chevalier N. 2012 (2)

Evidence¶

Chevalier N. 2012¶

Chevalier N., Sheffield T. D., Nelson J. M., Clark C. A. C., Wiebe S. A., Espy K. A. (2012). Underpinnings of the Costs of Flexibility in Preschool Children: The Roles of Inhibition and Working Memory. Developmental Neuropsychology. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3308575/

q3 · i? · associational · r2

In local-cost models, GNG main effects were significant at 3;9 (γ = .038, p = .008) and 4;6 (γ = .059, p = .043); children one SD above the GNG mean were "3.8% more accurate overall... and 5.9% more accurate at age 4;6."

"GNG performance had a significant main effect at ages 3;9 (γ = .038, p = .008) and 4;6 (γ = .059, p = .043). Children who scored one SD higher than average were 3.8% more accurate overall than children who scored at the GNG mean at age 3;9, and 5.9% more accurate at age 4;6."

Chevalier N. 2012 (2)¶

Chevalier N., Sheffield T. D., Nelson J. M., Clark C. A. C., Wiebe S. A., Espy K. A. (2012). Underpinnings of the Costs of Flexibility in Preschool Children: The Roles of Inhibition and Working Memory. Developmental Neuropsychology. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3308575/

q3 · i? · associational · r2

Nebraska Barnyard main effects were significant at 3;9 (γ = .056, p = .036) and 4;6 (γ = .040, p = .001) but not at 5;3 (γ = .016, p = .36), indicating overall accuracy benefits of working memory at the younger ages only.

"Similarly, NB performance had a significant main effect at ages 3;9 (γ = .056, p = .036), 4;6 (γ = .040, p = .001) and 5;3 (γ = .016, p = .36)."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Inhibition and working-memory performance are associated with mixing costs (goal representation) at ages 4;6 and 5;3 but not at age 3;9 — related
• Local costs (switch implementation) showed no significant dependence on inhibition or working-memory performance at any of the preschool ages tested — related
• Significant mixing and local costs are present at each preschool age, with both decreasing in magnitude from age 3;9 to 5;3 — related