GPT feedback in VR markedly improved problem-solving and critical thinking but had limited impact on creativity¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2025 · checked against its sources 2026-10-16 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? GPT feedback markedly improved problem-solving and critical thinking skills, though its impact on creativity was limited. → Wang 2025

Evidence¶

Wang 2025¶

Wang, W.-S., Lin, C.-J., Lee, H.-Y., Huang, Y.-M., & Wu, T.-T. (2025). Enhancing self-regulated learning and higher-order thinking skills in virtual reality: the impact of ChatGPT-integrated feedback aids. Education and Information Technologies, 30, 19419–19445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-025-13557-x

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Outcome measures from the RCT comparing GPT-feedback-supported and traditional-feedback-supported VR learning among 81 undergraduates. The article reports GPT feedback "markedly improved problem-solving and critical thinking skills, though its impact on creativity was limited." No effect sizes are printed in the available text.

"Notably, GPT feedback markedly improved problem-solving and critical thinking skills, though its impact on creativity was limited."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Creativity — outcome: instruction changes it
• Critical Thinking — outcome: instruction changes it
• Problem Solving — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

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• GCLA use enhances higher-order thinking skills—critical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity—compared with traditional ChatGPT use — related
• Gen-AI's effect on HOT is strongest for problem-solving ability (g = 0.745), followed by critical thinking (g = 0.691), with a smaller effect on creativity (g = 0.444) — possibly the same claim (merge candidate)
• The study's findings suggest AI-supported inquiry-based learning mainly supports creativity and affective development, with limited effect on problem-solving skills — reports the opposite
• AI-supported inquiry-based learning did not produce a statistically significant improvement in students' critical problem-solving skills — reports the opposite
• Self-regulated learning abilities improved significantly in the GPT-feedback VR group, supporting self-reflection, goal setting, and strategy adjustment — related
• Undergraduates learning IoT tasks in VR with ChatGPT-integrated feedback reached significantly higher cognitive levels on memory, understanding, and application tasks than peers receiving traditional VR feedback — related
• AI applications contributed to STEM students' higher-order thinking, including problem-solving, computational thinking, and self-regulated learning — a broader claim this one bears on
• Inquiry-based learning strategies in laboratory courses are reported to significantly improve critical thinking skills — related
• Intervention cohort scored significantly higher on creativity thinking, design skills, and problem solving, but not on presentation or attendance — reports the opposite