National income inequality strengthens the economically based social class test gap (family economic capital)¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr3·q2·i0negligible
Currency · newest study 2024 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
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q2 i0 In Study 2b, the higher income inequality, the stronger the economically based social class test gap; the interaction was not significant in Study 2a unless anxiety was in the model. → Nele Claes 2024
Evidence¶
Nele Claes 2024¶
Nele Claes, Annique Smeding, Arnaud Carré, Nicolas Sommet. (2024). The social class test gap: A worldwide investigation of the role of academic anxiety and income inequality in standardized test score disparities. Journal of Educational Psychology, 116(6), 871-888. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000881
q2 · i0 · associational · r3
Multilevel interaction models on PISA 2012 and 2015 data with family economic capital. The Study 2a interaction was "only significant when anxiety was included in the model, β = 0.01 [0.0, 0.02], p = .001"; simple slopes showed a higher economically based gap in more unequal countries in both studies (Figure 2, lower panel).
"analyses revealed that the higher income inequality, the stronger the economically based social class test gap, Study 2a: β = 0.01 [-0.01, 0.02], p = .159, Study 2b: β = 0.02 [0.00, 0.03], p = .007"
Discussion¶
Learner Variables¶
- Socioeconomic Status — predictor: outcomes differ by group: a gap reflecting circumstances and treatment, not a cause
Related Claims¶
- Academic anxiety mediates between one-tenth and one-fifth of the social class test gap across social class indicators, anxiety forms, and school domains — related
- All three social class indicators (parental education, family cultural capital, family economic capital) positively predict standardized test performance among 15-year-olds — a broader claim this one bears on
- National income inequality weakens the culturally based social class test gap (parental education, cultural capital) — related
- Whether anxiety explains the income inequality × social class interaction remains inconclusive — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
income-inequality-strengthens-economically-based-gap |
title |
National income inequality strengthens the economically based social class test gap (family economic capital) |
description |
National income inequality strengthens the economically based social class test gap (family economic capital) |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
weak |
newest_evidence |
2024 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-24 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — nele-claes-2024 |
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