Individual-student achievement and SES have consistently positive effects on long-term outcomes, with achievement effects larger than SES effects¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r3 · q3
Currency · newest study 2023 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? For L1Ach, all total effects (0.24, 0.39, 0.36), direct effects (0.15, 0.24, 0.13), and mediated effects (0.09, 0.15, 0.22) were statistically significant and substantial; L1SES effects were significant but smaller. → Marsh 2023

Evidence¶

Marsh 2023¶

Marsh, H. W., Pekrun, R., Dicke, T., Guo, J., Parker, P. D., & Basarkod, G. (2023). Disentangling the Long-Term Compositional Effects of School-Average Achievement and SES: a Substantive-Methodological Synergy. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09726-4

q3 · i? · associational · r3

Student-level effects from Model M6 of the ELS:2002 doubly-latent multilevel SEM. The article reports "all total effects (0.24, 0.39, and 0.36), direct effects (0.15, 0.24, and 0.13), and mediated effects (0.09, 0.15, and 0.22) are statistically significant and substantial"; these are unstandardized path estimates, not effect sizes, so no magnitude code is assigned.

"For all three long-term outcomes, the total and direct effects of L1ACH are systematically larger than those for L1SES. For effects of L1Ach on the three outcomes, all total effects (0.24, 0.39, and 0.36), direct effects (0.15, 0.24, and 0.13), and mediated effects (0.09, 0.15, and 0.22) are statistically significant and substantial."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Socioeconomic Status — predictor: outcomes differ by group: a gap reflecting circumstances and treatment, not a cause

Related Claims¶

• Compositional effects of school-average achievement and SES on long-term outcomes are partly mediated by ASC and particularly by GPA — related
• School-average SES positively predicts ASC and the three age-26 outcomes but not GPA — related