Lexical bundles instruction significantly improved Iranian EFL learners' paragraph writing production fluency from pretest to posttest¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2012 · checked against its sources 2026-11-02 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? The experimental group's writing production fluency improved significantly from pretest to posttest after a semester of lexical bundles instruction. → Ranjbar 2012

Evidence¶

Ranjbar 2012¶

Ranjbar, N., Pazhakh, A., & Gorjian, B. (2012). The Effect of Lexical Bundles on Iranian EFL Learners Linguistic Production Fluency. International Education Studies, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v5n4p243

q2 · i? · causal · r2

Paired-sample t-test on the experimental group's pretest and posttest scores in a semester-long study of 45 experimental students taught lexical bundles from the True to Life textbook. The article reports the "t-test value was -52.531" with significance .000; no effect size is printed.

"The results of the paired sample test showed that the t-test value was -52.531 and the significance leve l was .000."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Writing Skills — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• The fluency gain's cause is unresolved: it may reflect lexical bundles instruction or simply more paragraph writing practice — related
• Experimental group outperformed control group on paragraph writing fluency at posttest — related
• Processing instruction significantly improves Iranian EFL learners' writing ability from pre-test to post-test — related
• Blended learning instruction significantly improved Iranian EFL learners' correct use of resumptive pronouns in writing from pretest to posttest — related
• Lexical chunks instruction significantly improved the speaking fluency of Iranian EFL intermediate learners compared with a control group — related