Cluster analysis across both studies identifies three meta-attention knowledge profiles, including an overconfident group with a self-knowledge/strategy mismatch¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · design r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2025 · checked against its sources 2026-10-20 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? K-means clustering yielded a three-cluster solution in both studies: high-knowledge, low-knowledge, and overconfident (Study One: n = 124, 42.3% with below-average strategy knowledge but above-average self-perception of control and monitoring). → Mulvihill 2025

Evidence¶

Mulvihill 2025¶

Mulvihill, A., Matthews, N., Chidley, K., Macmahon, S., Armitage, K. L., Sherlock, D., Dux, P. E., & Carroll, A. (2025). The meta-attention knowledge questionnaire (MAKQ): a new instrument for investigating meta-attention in a young adolescent sample. Metacognition and Learning. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-025-09433-1

q2 · i? · design · r2

Exploratory k-means cluster analysis in Study One (N = 293) on standardised MAKQ dimension scores; three clusters: low-knowledge (n = 98, 33.4%), high-knowledge (n = 71, 24.2%), overconfident (n = 124, 42.3%). Study Two (N = 83) replicated the same three-cluster solution.

"a third overconfident cluster ( n = 124, 42.3%) presented below average strategy knowledge yet displayed above average self-perception of meta-attention control and monitoring capacity. Evidently this group presented low self-awareness in that they self-identified strong meta-attention skills but possessed limited strategy knowledge"

Discussion¶

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