The indirect association between AI anxiety and academic motivation through emotion regulation is significant for both male and female students but stronger among male students¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2026 · checked against its sources 2026-10-17 (automated, 2 of 2 entries) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? The conditional indirect association through emotion regulation is significant for both male students (indirect effect = −0.089) and female students (indirect effect = −0.062), and stronger among male students. → Zhang Y 2026 q2 i? The index of moderated mediation is significant (index = 0.028), confirming the indirect association differs by gender. → Zhang Y 2026 (2)

Evidence¶

Zhang Y 2026¶

Zhang Y, Shi Y and Lu J (2026). The relationship between AI anxiety and academic motivation among university students: the mediating role of emotion regulation and the moderating role of gender. Front. Psychol. 17:1918525. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1918525

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Bias-corrected bootstrap conditional indirect effects (5,000 resamples) from PROCESS Model 14 in the survey of 1,484 students. The negative indirect association was 'stronger among male students' (indirect effect = −0.089) than among female students (indirect effect = −0.062), with both confidence intervals excluding zero.

"Specifically, the negative indirect association was stronger among male students [indirect effect = −0.089, Boot SE = 0.019, 95% CI (−0.129, −0.055)] than among female students [indirect effect = −0.062, Boot SE = 0.015, 95% CI (−0.094, −0.036)]."

Zhang Y 2026 (2)¶

Zhang Y, Shi Y and Lu J (2026). The relationship between AI anxiety and academic motivation among university students: the mediating role of emotion regulation and the moderating role of gender. Front. Psychol. 17:1918525. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1918525

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Index of moderated mediation test from the same PROCESS Model 14 analysis. The index was significant with a 95% confidence interval of (0.008, 0.056), 'confirming that the indirect association differed significantly by gender.'

"The index of moderated mediation was significant [index = 0.028, Boot SE = 0.012, 95% CI (0.008, 0.056)], confirming that the indirect association differed significantly by gender."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Affect Regulation — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
• Academic Anxiety — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
• Gender — moderator: an instructional effect differs by group

Related Claims¶

• AI anxiety is negatively associated with emotion regulation among university students — a broader claim this one bears on
• Emotion regulation partially mediates the negative association between AI anxiety and academic motivation — a broader claim this one bears on
• Emotion regulation is positively associated with academic motivation among university students — related
• Gender moderates the association between emotion regulation and academic motivation, with a stronger positive association among male students — related
• AI anxiety is negatively associated with academic motivation among university students, in both bivariate and regression analyses — related
• Female students report higher job finding anxiety, AI anxiety, and negative AI attitudes than male students — related
• Gender related to students' emotions but showed no significant effects on math grades, while intelligence and SES related positively to grades — related