Motor coordination uniquely predicts written language achievement, and ADHD symptom severity negatively predicts written language, in children with and without ADHD¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q2·i3large
Currency · newest study 2022 · checked against its sources 2026-10-20 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q2 i3 Better motor coordination (β=.50) and lower teacher-rated ADHD symptoms (β=−.44) predict better written language composite scores. → Carames 2022
Evidence¶
Carames 2022¶
Carames, C. N., Irwin, L. N., & Kofler, M. J. (2022). Is There a Relation Between Visual-Motor Integration and Academic Achievement in School-Aged Children with and without ADHD? Child Neuropsychology, 28(2), 224–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2021.1967913
q2 · i3 · associational · r2
Hierarchical backward-entry regression in the sample of 39 children ages 8–13 with and without ADHD. Motor coordination (β = .50; p = .003) and ADHD symptoms (β = −.44; p = .01) predicted written language; model R2 = .48. Visual perception was not predictive.
"Results of the final model indicated that children’s motor coordination (β = .50; p = .003) and ADHD symptoms (β = −.44; p = .01) significantly predicted their written language composite scores and accounted for a significant proportion of variance in the model (model R2 = .48; p = .001)."
Discussion¶
Learner Variables¶
- Visual Processing — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
- Writing Skills — outcome: instruction changes it
Related Claims¶
- Children with ADHD exhibit significantly lower visual-motor integration and math and written language achievement than Non-ADHD peers, but intact visual perception and reading — related
- Teacher-rated ADHD symptoms do not uniquely predict reading or math achievement once visual-motor subcomponents are accounted for — related
- Better visual perception and motor coordination uniquely predict better reading skills in school-aged children with and without ADHD, controlling for IQ and ADHD symptoms — related
- The integration of visual perception and motor coordination is uniquely associated with math skills but not with reading or written language — related
- Girls with ADHD were rated as having more severe ADHD symptoms than boys with ADHD in this sample — related
- Visual-motor integration is a predictor of orthographic skills in children — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
motor-coordination-adhd-symptoms-predict-written-language |
title |
Motor coordination uniquely predicts written language achievement, and ADHD symptom severity negatively predicts written language, in children with and without ADHD |
description |
Motor coordination uniquely predicts written language achievement, and ADHD symptom severity negatively predicts written language, in children with and without ADHD |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2022 |
source_checked |
2026-10-20 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-17 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — carames-2022 |
Frontmatter is the page's machine-readable record — see the Schema & Guide.