The study found no evidence of age differences in relational reasoning performance, possibly due to design choices maximising sensitivity to audience effects¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2015 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? As a secondary aim, the study found no main effect of age group and no age group by task-level interaction on accuracy or RT. → Wolf L.K. 2015

Evidence¶

Wolf L.K. 2015¶

Wolf L.K., Bazargani N., Kilford E.J., Dumontheil I., Blakemore S.-J. (2015). The audience effect in adolescence depends on who's looking over your shoulder. Journal of Adolescence, 43, 5–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.05.003

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Omnibus ANOVA results from the same experiment's accuracy analysis: no main effect of age group and no age group × task-level interaction (ps > 0.9). The article attributes this to long response windows and trial-by-trial feedback, which reduced sensitivity to developmental differences usually seen under limited response time.

"There was no main effect of age group, nor an age group by task-level interaction (ps > 0.9)."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Across all age groups, relational reasoning accuracy is lower in the friend-present condition than in the experimenter-present condition overall
• Older adolescents respond faster when observed by an experimenter than by a friend or when alone, while social condition does not affect younger adolescents' or adults' response times
• Older adolescents (14.9–17.8 years) show lower relational reasoning accuracy when observed by a friend than by an experimenter, across task difficulty levels — related
• Children and adults do not differ in response times on REL-2 problems, despite children's higher error rate on those trials — related
• Younger adolescents (10.6–14.2 years) show lower relational reasoning accuracy when observed by a friend than by an experimenter only in low-relational trials — related
• Being observed by a friend or an experimenter affects relational reasoning accuracy in adolescents but not in adults — related
• A peer audience decreases accuracy in the complex relational integration condition in both adolescents and adults — related
• Relational integration is less accurate and slower than single-relation matching regardless of audience or age — related