Children's self-focused confidence reasoning and other-focused accuracy reasoning show no consistent correlation across four studies when mental-state language and response biases are eliminated¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2021 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? In Experiment 1, individual differences on the confidence task did not correlate with Winner, Ask, or Endorse choices when controlling for age. → Carolyn Baer 2021 q3 i? In Experiment 3, the confidence task again did not predict Winner, Ask, or Endorse answers when controlling for age. → Carolyn Baer 2021 (2)

Evidence¶

Carolyn Baer 2021¶

Carolyn Baer, Puja Malik, & Darko Odic. (2021). Are children's judgments of another's accuracy linked to their metacognitive confidence judgments? Metacognition and Learning (2021) 16:485–516. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-021-09263-x

q3 · i? · associational · r2

Experiment 1 (N = 80 children aged 4–7) correlated individual differences on a selective social learning task with area, number, and emotion confidence judgments, controlling for age. The article reports no correlations "between the Winner, Ask, or Endorse choices and any of the three dimensions".

"between the Winner, Ask, or Endorse choices and any of the three dimensions for the confi- dence task when controlling for age."

Carolyn Baer 2021 (2)¶

Carolyn Baer, Puja Malik, & Darko Odic. (2021). Are children's judgments of another's accuracy linked to their metacognitive confidence judgments? Metacognition and Learning (2021) 16:485–516. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-021-09263-x

q3 · i? · associational · r2

Experiment 3 (N = 81 children, ages 4–8) used a retrospective confidence paradigm and measured area discrimination accuracy. Replicating Experiment 1 but not Experiment 2, correlations with Winner, Ask, and Endorse were non-significant (e.g., Winner r(78) = 0.14, p = 0.227).

"children’s performance on the Confidence Task did not predict their Winner, r(78) = 0.14, p = 0.227, Ask, r(78) = 0.08, p = 0.499, or Endorse answers, r(78) = 0.12, p = 0.270, when controlling for age."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Children do not reliably endorse the more accurate informant when no objective reference is available
• Children as young as 4 years can reason about their relative confidence by selecting which of two questions they feel most sure of answering
• No trace format supported calibrated self-evaluation: perceived-achieved correlations were low and non-significant in all conditions
• Area discrimination accuracy does not predict children's social judgments; age, not shared decision imprecision, accounts for the task correlations — related
• In Experiment 2, children's confidence-task performance correlated with Winner and Ask choices but not Endorse choices, controlling for age — related
• Children aged 6–7 reliably identify the contestant whose copied shapes are closer in size to a target, replicating magnitude-of-error selective social learning — related